Improvement in hatchways



.2.SheeLs`Sltv1`rerJA J. M. VAN OSDEL.

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No. 207,573. Patented Aug. 27, 187s.

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J". M. VANOSDEL. Hatohway.

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Patented Aug. 27, i878.

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Wwf 1W munlzmmmm zu 'I 7l Hit @Ulli UNITED STATES PATENT OTJFIUE.

JOHN M. VAN OSDEL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

' IMPROVEMENT IN' HATCHWAYS.'

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.4 207,573, dated August27, 1878; application tiled July 27, 1878.

CASE B.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. VAN OsDEL, of Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsiu Self-Closing Hatchways for Elevators; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whichwill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and ytoletters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspeciiication.

In a patent bearing even date herewith (Case A) I have described andshown all the working devices embraced herein under an arrangement andorganization in which the primary operating-levers are mounted inbearings outside of the shaftway and have an outside connection forco-operation with a bearing-way of novel construction carried by theelevator-car.

Such construction, however, is not well adapted for use in somebuildings and my present invention consists in a reorganization andadaptation of all the working devices for operation directly within theshaftway or passage traversed by the elevator. In this new organizationI use two instead of three bracket-bearings for the several connectionsof the operating devices, and I arrange these bearings directly withinthe shaftway instead of on the outside thereof, as in my said patent.This simplifies the machinery and brings the several parts into morecompact relation with the doors.

The principal point of improvement is the arrangement of the primarylevers, the dooroperating connections, and a single counterpoise uponone and the same bracket-bearing above the doors, and the arrangement ofthe bearing-way in a position upon the elevator conforming to thecentralization of the parts above stated, all effecting the opening andclosing movements of the doors with the least possible force and noise.y

I do not deem it necessary to specificall y describe herein the featureswhich distinguish the invention of my said-patent, but to give only suchdescription as will render intelligible the working of thehatchway-doors under my new organization.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 represents a portion of a shaftwayof an elevator, showing one of a series of doors of two sections of twohinged leaves each, the operating devices connected therewith, and apartof the elevator in different positions above and below the doors; Fig.2, a horizontal section thereof, taken on the line w w of Fig. 1, theupper primary lever shown as resting upon the upper horizontal plane ofthe elevator as descending from the point X; Fig. 3, an enlarged detail,showing one section of the doors folded open and its connections withthe upper primary lever and the counterpoise, the relation of theelevator therewith being also shown; Fig. 4, a detail of theleading-roll of the flap-leaf and of the supporting-rolls thereofenlarged; Fig. 5, a detail, enlarged, of a part of the bearing-way ofthe elevator, showing the point of impact of the horizontal plane ofsaid way upon the roll end of the lower primary lever to open the doors,the form of the curves of said way to give a variable movement inopening said doors, and, by dotted lines, the bearing of said lever uponthe vertical plane of said bearing-way to hold the doors open; and Fig.6, a detail of the screwcoupling lock-nut connection for the severalparts for making their proper adjustments to determine the opening andclosing of the doors and the equal bearing of the primary levers u'ponthe elevator bearing-Way.

The shaft A has at each floor a suitable frame-work, built in the wallsthereof, to receive and support the doors C C', which are of twosections of two leaves each, and hinged to the frame-work, so as tofold, when open, within recesses D formed in the walls, so as to give afree passage-way for the elevator-car.

The outer leaves, C, are hinged on their outer sides, and theflap-leaves, C, are hinged in a manner to allow them to be foldedagainst the inner sides of the outer leaves, and to be, while so folded,supported upon leading-rolls E E, by which they are started, separated,and led out in closing by the gravity of the doors These leadin g-rollsare carried by pivoted arms c, which allow them, after serving theirpurpose, to pass idly out of the way into receivin g-pockets e in therabbet-ways E2, while the doors are supported in closing byanti-friction rolls d d in the angles of the iiap-leaf.

The devices for opening and closing` the doors are mounted upon twobrackets, H, secured to the wall within the shaft, one above and theother below the doors. The lower bracket carries the lower primarylever, G, and the upper bracket carries the upper 'primary lever, F, andtheir axis-pins are provided respectively with secondary levers K L,which are connected by a rod, J, so that by this connection the primarylevers are balanced and caused to move simultaneously in oppositedirections in sweeps or arcs of ninety degrees. These primaryleverscarry anti-friction rolls fat their free ends to receive the action ofthe bearing-way upon the elevator-car in its upward and downwardmovements, as will be more fully hereinafter explained.

The axis-pin of the upper primary lever carries a two-armed secondarylever, N, to branches Q Q of which lifting-rods P P are connected, thelower ends of which are pivoted to yarms R It', projecting inward fromthe outer leaves of the doors, by which to effect their opening` andclosing movements. The axis-pin of this two-armed secondary lever Ncarries the counterpoise S', the movements of which in a quarter of acircle are controlled by the partial rotation of said two-armed lever,while the arm S of the counterpoise connects with the upper primarylever, F, by a'bar or rod, M, by which the movements of said lever arecontrolled by the movements of the counterpoise, by reason of saidprimary lever F bein g mounted loosely upon its axis-pin and having aiXed connection with the counterpoise. This primary lever is soconnected in order to obtain a safety attachment by means of the bar M,that, in the event of the accidental falling of the elevator from anycause, one of the points of attachment of said bar will give way andfree the primary lever from operating connection with the doors, andthus leave the doors closed and arrest the falling elevator; but thisseverance can onlyoccur by the sudden falling of the elevator, as thisbar connection is not otherwise subject to any strain or forcesufficient to endanger its separation under the workin g of theelevator. In the contingency stated the doors will remain practicallyclosed during the severance of the safety-connection, and, as the upperprimary lever receives the whole concussion in such event, I haveselected this part to make the safety-connection; but I do not wish toconfine myself to any particular point of connection for this purpose.The prim ary levers have a long, free, and easy sweep in being operatedby the elevator, which is provided with a bearing-way of vertical andhorizontal planes joined by intermediate curves, arranged upon one sideof the elevator at a proper distance from the axis of the primary leversand withinv thv'y in wherein the operating devices worl;

bearing-way consists of a long vertical plane, Y'

T, on the side of the elevator and an upper and lower curve, T1, of theform of a quarter of an ellipse, which terminate, respectively, in topand bottom horizontal planes T2 overlying the corresponding ends of theelevator. The length of the vertical plane is such as to engage with oneof the primary levers before the other leaves it, and its function is tohold the doors open during the passage of the elevator and free fromcontact with it, while the function ofthe curves and their terminatinghorizontal planes is to eifect the opening and closing of the doors, toallow the doors to commence closing with a slow movement, to let themdown easy, and to conclude the opening of the doors with a slow movementto prevent slamming. These matters are of great advantage in the working of an elevator with self-closing doors, and they are more speciiicallypointed out in my said patent, to which reference is made.

In the drawings, the elevator A is shown in different positions in itsascent and descent. For instance, in the ascent of the elevator, Ulrepresents the upper curve, terminating in the horizontal plane T2, withthe primary lever in position as having just received the impact of theelevator to commence the opening of the doors. The ascent of theelevator moving the primary lever from U to V, as shown by the dottedcurved line G2, both commences and completes the opening of the doors,while the primary lever shown in black lines resting against thevertical plane T holds `the doors open through the intervention of therod J, connecting with the mechanism above the doors. This movement ofthe lower primary lever, G, brings the upper primary lever, F, down tothe point X, in position to pass on and traverse the vertical plane ofthe elevator as it passes through the doorway. The continued ascent ofthe elevator brings the lower end of the vertical plane at X in positionto commence closing the doors. The further ascent of the elevator allowsthe roll end of the upper primary lever F to pass around the curveand'rest against the lower horizontal plane T2, and in this positionfollows the elevator upward, as indicated by the curved dotted line F2,to the point W, and by this movement of said primary lever F the doorsare allowed to close by a regulated movement to let them down easy. Thedescending movement of the elevator effects the same operation, only theaction of the primary levers is reversed, the upper one opening thedoors, and the lower one, by its action upon the curve and upper plane,allowing the doors to close, which is accomplished at the point U, thestarting-point in describing the first-above movements.

In the drawings, A represents the platform of the elevator.

In my said patent the upper pri mary lever is fixeda'upon its axis, andthe safety attachment is with one of the branches of the secondary leverN, whereas in this improvement the upper primary lever is hung looselyupon the axis of the counterpoise, and the two are connected vby thesafety-bar M, giving the same result with a two-armed instead of atriarmed lever, as used in my said patent.

The rod J is connected to arms K and L on the axis-pins of the`primarylevers, so as to operate the primary levers simultaneously toward andfrom each other, and with equal movements.

All the operating parts above the hatchway are hung upon the samebracket and upon the same axis-bearing within the space between the walland the side of the elevator which carries the bearing-way, as shown inFig. 2, so that there are no projections outside of the shaftway, whichis not only a very advantageous arrangement for some buildings, but suchprojections are inadmissible in some buildings.

The quarter-ellipse form of the curves of the bearing-way slows thelinal movement of the doors in opening, and allows the doors to commencetheir closing movement with a slow speed, and thereby maintain theproper contact of the roll ends of the primary levers with thebearing-way, and prevent the elevator from running away from them.

The several connecting-rods are made adjustable to effect the exactarrival of the doors to their stationary points simultaneously, whilethe primary levers should be adjusted to give equal bearing upon thebearing-way of the elevator. This is obtained byright and leftscrew-threads on the ends of the several connecting rods vadapted to tinto screwcouplings h, and, when so adj usted, to be locked by nuts i,as shown in Fig. 6.

lf the elevator is arranged for a fast movement, the primary levers aremade of greater length than is required for a slow-moving elevator.

The doors are adapted for either a side or corner post elevator; and theguideways are arranged in the frame-work in the usual manner.

The several dotted curves show the equal arcs described by all the partsindicated in the opening and closing movements of the doors.

The counterpoise is made adjustable upon its arm to eiect the perfectclosing of the doors. The door flaps are provided with notches, to allowthe elevator-cable to pass between them when closed.

In the operation of the primary levers it will be noticed that one ofthe horizontal planes acts first upon one of said levers to open thedoors, while the action of both of said levers upon the vertical planeholds the doors open with the ends of said levers at the limit of theirmovement toward each other. The counterpoise balances the movements ofall the doors by positive connections.

I claiml. In self-closing doors for elevator-hatchways, the upperprimary lever, F, the secondary lever N, connecting with thedoor-lifting rods P P, the arm L, jointed to rodJ, and the counterpoiseconnected with said primary lever by the rod M, all arranged forco-operative action upon one .and the same axis-bearing` within theshaftway above the door, substantially as described.

2. The counterpoise fixed upon its axis-pin and connected with the upperprimary lever, F, mounted loosely upon said axis-pin, by the rod M,having a safety connection direct with said lever, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

[n testimony that I claim the foregoing I have affixed my signature inthe presence of two witnesses.

JOHN M. VAN OSDEL.

Witnesses:

A. E. H. J oHNsoN, J. W. HAMILTON J oHNsoN.

